Mr. Shirley,

The name of Jacob Cochran has doubtless been heard by many of your readers. This man has for about two years past infested the County of York, particularly the towns of Saco, Buxton, Hollis, and Kennebunk. He came making great pretensions to religion, in the guise of a Freewill-Baptist, but has proved a common destroyer to every Society that gave him countenance. With a few wretches like himself he succeeded in making a considerable party, and the most horrid enormities have been practiced among them. He was at length seized and brought to trial before our Supreme Court held at York last week. Fiver seval indictments were found against him by the Grand Jury, all for Adultery, and crimes of a similar nature. He was first tried for Lascivious behaviour, connected with supposed adultery, & though the specifictions were substantiated to the satisfaction of the Court, and to the most of those who heard the trial, yet the Jury after sitting all night could not agree. -- One man of them, being, as is supposed, a Disciple of Cochran's dissented. He was then tried on a secind indictment for adultery. The evidence was full against him, and though denied on oath by the members of his Society, yet almost every person was satisfied. And though Cochran was ably defended by Messrs. Holmes & Wallingford, yet in about one hour the Jury found him guilty. But now comes the winding up of the drama. -- Cochran's bondsmen though holden in the Bonds of 1800 Dols. reposed such confidence in him and were so certain of his acquital, that they had never delivered him up to the Court; and after the case was given to the Jury, he absconded, and has not yet been found. Consequently his sentence was not pronounced. It would probably have been three years inprisonment at hard labour in the State Prison. These facts are stated that the public may have correct information respecting this infamous creature. On some accounts it would be desirable that the minutes of the trial should be published, but it is hoped at least that Printers of Newspapers will state these facts that none in the community may be imposed on again by this fell destroyer.

             Yours, &c.              A. B.

Wells, May 24, 1819

N. B. Cochran is a man under forty years of age, perhaps not more than thirty five, is of a common size, well built, has a light complexion, and rather sandy hair. He dresses decently in dark clothes, and can put on somewhat the manners of a gentleman. This description is given that he may the more easily be known.

---

(We have seen a pamphlet, published by a Baptist minister of regular standing in New Gloucester, giving an account of Cochran and his deluded followers. -- It appears that under the guise of religion they have committed the most indecent and abominable acts of adultery, in every possible shape human depravity could devise. One of their leading tenets was to dissolve the ties of matrimony as suited their convenience -- and a promiscuous sexual intercourse was tolerated, by each male being allowed to take seven wives! It seems Cochran, the High Priest of iniquity, had had nearly half his female followers for wives in the course of his ministration, which has been two years standing. Where has been the vigilance of the civil authority, all this time?)


Note 1: The above text was taken from a reprint in the Newburyport, MA Herald of June 4, 1819. See the Georgetown National Messenger of Oct. 27, 1819 for an account of Cochran's detection, in the company with one of his leading adherents -- a certain Mr. Hill -- and his subsequent apprehension. The Mr. Hill there spoken of was probably a member of the Samuel Hill family of Hollis, Maine. See excerpts and paraphrases from the Oct. 1832 missionary journal entries of Elders Orson Hyde and Samuel H. Smith, who visited with Mr. Hill and other "Cochranites" during their Mormon mission in that region.

Note 2: Gideon T. Ridlon, in his 1895 book, Saco Valley Settlements, writes: "The Newburyport Herald (May or June, 1819) says: "We have seen a pamphlet, published by a Baptist minister of regular standing in New Gloucester [Maine], giving an account of Cochrane and his deluded followers..." The pamphlet thus described was Ephraim Stinchfield's Cochranism Delineated published at Boston in May by Hews & Goss. A correspondent of the Columbian Centinel responded to the pamphlet in that paper's issue of June 12th: "While I regreat the folly and depravity of human nature, which is therein displayed, I think this little performance calculated to do much good, as it shows to what horrid and destructive lengths people are in danger of being carried, when they renounce reason and common sense, in matters of religion. I hope it will have an extensive circulation in this quarter, and serve as a momento to those who are continually denouncing rational Christianity." -- see also: Joyce Butler's "Cochranism Delineated: A Twentieth-Century Study," in Charles E. Clark, et al., Maine in the Early Republic...(Hanover, NH: 1988).

From the Hallowell Gazette.
______

MONEY  DIGGERS.

In Pittston, about nine miles below Hallowell, on the eastern bank of the Kennebec river, a party of about fourteen men are now engaged in digging for money. This extraordinary enterprize was commenced in 1817, and continued without much interruption for nearly a year, during which time a vast excavation was made 75 feet deep. The enchanted treasure, however, we understand, completely eluded the search. It was afterwards, partially abandoned; but in October last was recommenced with unabated vigor. The leader of the visionary gang is a substantial farmer, an inhabitant of a town not more than twelve miles distant from Hallowell, whose sons hold a reputable rank in society. The old man & his associates maintain an obstinate and mysterious silence upon the subject. As the scene of their labor is a resort for all the mischievous wags in the neighborhood, and of others who come to wonder at the infatuated perseverence of the money diggers, their taciturnity may partly be attributed to the unceasing ridicule which their visitants raise at their expense. It is, however, principally owing to the potent charm which secures this subterranean treasure from those who incautiously divulage the secrets of this mysterious enterprise. It is to be feared that the babling indiscretion of some of the members of this money digging fraternity has already led them a wild goose chase, since if the treasure were even laid open to day light, and the eager expectant had his hand already upon the rusty iron pot which holds the shining metal, and interjection of wonder -- an exclamation of triumph or delight, would sink it again fathoms underground.


Note: According to some other reprints of the Hallowell Gazette article, the original text continues on thusly: "[This substantial farmer] dreamed for three successive nights that much treasure was deposited there by the bucanners who visited the coast in its early settlement. Many of the original partners in the concern are said to have sold out at an advance -- but the few whose faith is yet strong preserve a profound silence, expecting momentarily to seize the treasure, their last shilling being nearly expended. Quere, Did Michael Martin disclose the secret to his Executor, who made his will, so that the treasure buried in Ireland can be discovered. If so, Mississipi, or South Sea Stock never sold better than this would, if exposed in shares, in this enlightened age and country. -- There is almost enough rusting, according to his own account, to fit out Capt. Symmes on his expedition to the interior world."

From the Alfred Star.      

The Court of Common Pleas closed its session in this town on Tuesday evening last. Sixteen verdicts were taken on on the civil list...

... Samuel Junkins was convicted of disturbing a religious society assembled for public worship, and sentenced to pay fine of $20 and costs.

Olive Junkins was convicted of a similar offence, and fined $5 and to pay costs...


Note 1: The 1938 book, The Junkins Family..., explains the above 1824 York Co., Maine court decision thusly: [Samuel] Junkins Junkins who became a follower of this sect [the Cochranites] and one of the shining lights, attempted to establish a new organization under his control about 1823 but did not meet with great encouragement. The following notice was posted on the Baptist church: NOTICE -- At a Baptist Meeting House, York, on the Lord's Day next the House will be free for the Sons and Daughters of Zion to wait on the Lord and honor him that hath made them free, also, the Family of Egypt may have another opportunity to come up to Jerusalem to keep the feast in Tabernacles or, if they refuse they must not expect to have any rain of the Spirit on them. Hypocrites, Mongrels and Lepers are desired to withdraw. -- Samuel Junkins, Servant of the Church of Christ in York August 1, 1823."

Note 2: Whether Samuel and Olive Junkins' crime was their Aug. 1, 1823 notice posting, or where they were involved in some more serious offence, the genealogist does not say. At any rate, it appears as though the Junkins couple were then attempting to strengthen and reorganize Jacob Cochran's congregation in York, Maine. Cochran himself was at that time languishing in prison and would have been unable to direct the Junkins' efforts personally. He had served his four year sentence and was no doubt a free man, by the time the Junkins couple were thus fined for operating in his behalf.

(From the Wayne County Republican.)

NEW BIBLE. -- A fellow by the name of Joseph Smith, who resides in the upper part of Susquehanna county, has been, for the last two years we are told, employed in dictating, as he says, by inspiration, a new Bible. He pretended that he had been entrusted by God with a golden bible which had been always hidden from the world. Smith would put his face into a hat in which he had a white stone, and pretend to read from it, while his coadjutor transcribed. The book purports to give an account of the "ten tribes," and strange as it may seem, there are some who have full faith in his divine commission. -- The book, it seems is now published.


Note: The above report was taken from the Bethany, Pennsylvania Wayne County Inquirer (not "Republican") of early May, 1830. The identity of the reporter's informant is not given, but he may have been Martin Harris. Harris as its apparent source. The same report was reprinted in Ohio newspapers and may have circulated among some of the future converts to Mormonism, then living in the Kirtland region -- See the Cincinnati Advertiser of June 2, 1830.

THE PROGRESS OF MORMONISM.   The Painesville Ohio Gazette records another case of faithful infatuation, which has occurred among the Mormonites located in that vicinity. It will be remembered says, the newspaper, that when these deluded creatures first made their appearance here they declared themselves immortal. Death, however has paid them no respect other than by frequent visits. In defiance of repeated instances of mortality, they still profess the power of healing, refuse to call medical assistants...

Latest reports are that a few days ago, the wife of a Mr. Murdock, and daughter of Judge Clapp of Mentor, and a believer in Mormonism, died among them in childbirth, for want of professional assistance. The wife of the Prophet Joseph Smith hardly escaped the same fate. She was in labor three days during which time they tried their spells in vain, at last they called in a midwife, and she was delivered of the dead bodies of two fine boys, the mother barely survived.

The same paper says that within the past week. There had arrived at Painesville from the state of New York, some by the lake and others by land, at least 200 Mormonites, they brought with them their household furniture, entire, bag and baggage, roots and herbs, and plants ready for the soil. They passed on to the holy land and are scattered about in the several common stock families, we are told that the wife of Prophet Harris, refuse to be a Mormon, and he has left her among the Gentiles, it was she who purloined several pages of the first revelations, and which, by the direction of the angel, have never been supplied


Note: Partial text -- the full contents will be posted here after transcribing.

MORMONITES.   The Hampshire Gazette says -- A lady from Ohio informs us that many of the Mormonites in Geauga county have started for the promised land in Missouri; some of them passed through the town in which she resides; their language was -- 'We have left Babylon, and are going to Mount Zion.' Among those who have embraced the doctrines of these fanatics are two merchants, and some respectable farmers. One man joined them whose property was estimated at 7,000 dollars. The lady to whom we have alluded found in the Lake steam boat a Mormonite woman on her return to Boston. She said she had made a journey all the way from Boston to Ohio, to investigate the subject of Mormonism, and had satisfied herself that the Mormon bible was a revelation from God, and the leaders true prophets. She stated that others from Boston had become converts to the new system. She believed that the Mormonites could perform miracles. When asked if she had seen any miraculous operations, she replied that she had seen a person who was very sick suddenly restored to health. -- On other subjects she conversed like a sensible, pious woman. She stated that she was a Methodist when she left Boston.


Note: The "Mormonite woman" mentioned above appears to have been Vienna Jacques, who in the summer of 1831 traveled from Boston to Kirtland, Ohio, to investigate Mormonism and who was baptized there on July 12, 1831. In her own way, this lady was the first Mormon missionary to New England -- preparing the way for the subsequent missions of Orson Pratt, Luke E. Johnson, Samuel H. Smith and Orson Hyde.

Ezra Booth, of Nelson, Portage county, Ohio, who was lately a zealous member of the new sect of fanatics, called Mormonites, which has lately sprung up in the West, but who has now renounced his error, is giving an account in a series of letters published in the Ohio Star, of what he heard and saw, while he remained connected with this society. We give below a part of one of his letters. It may seem strange to some that such miserable delusion can spread in any part of this country; but they who best understand the character of the population in those districts, which are only partially supplied with an educated ministry, will not be much surprised. If greator efforts are not made to diffuse learning and religion in the West, we may expect soon to see the Mormonites, or some other fanatics equally insane, counting their disciples by thousands. -- N. Y. Observer.

..."Being carried away in the spirit" and "I know it to be so by the spirit," are well known phrases, and in common use in the Mormonite church. We will first notice the gift of tongues, exercised by some when carried away in the spirit. These persons were apparently lost to all surrounding circumstances, and wrapt up in the contemplation of things, and in communicating with persons not present. They articulated sounds which but few present professed to understand; and those few, declared them to be the Indian language. A merchant, who had formerly been a member of the Methodist Society, observed, he had formerly traded with the Indians, and he knew it to be their dialect. Being myself present on some of these occasions, a person proffered his services as my interpreter, and translated these sounds, which to me were unintelligible, into the English language. One individual could read any chapter of the Old or New-Testament, in several different languages. This was known to be the case by a person who professed to understand those languages. In the midst of this delirium, they would, at times, fancy themselves addressing a congregation of their red brethren; and mounted upon a stump, or the fence, or from some elevated situation, would harangue their assembly, until they had convinced and converted them. They would then lead them into the water, and baptise them, and pronounce their sins forgiven. In this exercise, some of them actually went into the water; and in the water performed the ceremony used in baptizing. These actors assumed the visage of the savage, and so nearly imitated him, not only in language, but in gestures and actions, that it seemed as if the soul and body were completely metamorphosed into the Indian. No doubt was then entertained but that this was an extraordinary work of the Lord, designed to prepare those young men for the Indian mission; and many who are still leaders of the church, could say, "we know by the spirit that it is the work of the Lord." And now they can say, "we know by the spirit that it was it was the work of the Devil." Most of those who were the principal actors, have since apostatized, and the work is unanimously discarded by the church. The limits, which my want of time to write, as well as your want of patience to read, compel me to prescribe for myself, will allow me only to touch on some of the most prominent parts of this newly-invented, and heterogeneous system.

A new method for obtaining authority to preach the Gospel was introduced into the church. One declared he had received a commission, directly from Heaven, written upon parchment. Another, that it was written upon the palm of his hand, and upon the lid of his Bible, &c. Three witnesses, and they were formerly considered persons of veracity, testified, that they saw the parchment, or something like it, when put into the hands of the candidate. These commissions, when transcribed upon a piece of paper, were read to the church, and the persons who had received them, were ordained to the Elder's office, and sent out into the world to preach. But this also sunk into discredit, and experienced the fate of the former.

Visions, also, were in high credit, and sounded abroad as an infallible testimony in favor of Mormonism. The visionary, at times, imagined he saw the city of New-Jerusalem; unlocked its gate, and entered within the walls; passed through its various apartments, and then returned, locked the gate, and put the key into his pocket. When this tour was finished, he would entertain his admiring friends, with a detailed description of the Heavenly City.

The condition of the ten tribes of Israel since their captivity, unto the present time, has excited considerable anxiety, and given rise to much speculation among the learned. But after all the researches which have been made, the place of their residence has never been satisfactorily ascertained. But these visionaries have discovered their place of residence to be contiguous to the north pole; separated from the rest of the world by impassable mountains of ice and snow. In this sequestered residence, they enjoy the society of Elijah the Prophet, and John the Revelator, and perhaps the three immortalized Nephites. By and by, the mountains of ice and snow are to give way, and open a passage for the return of these tribes, to the land of Palestine.

About this time, the ministration of angels was supposed to be frequent in the church. The Heavenly visitants made their appearance to certain individuals: they seldom made any communication, but presented themselves as spectacles for the beholder to gaze upon, with silent admiration.

Smith is the only one at present, to my knowledge, who pretends to hold converse with the inhabitants of the celestial world. It seems from his statements, that he can have access to them, when and where he pleases. He does not pretend that he sees them with his natural, but with his spiritual eyes; and he says he can see them as well with his eyes shut, as with them open. So also in translating: the subject stands before his eyes in print, but it matters not whether his eyes are open or shut; he can see as well one way as the other.

You have probably read the testimony of the three witnesses appended to the book of Mormon. These witnesses testify, that an angel appeared to them, and presented them the golden plates, and the voice of God declared it to be a Divine Record. To this they frequently testify, in the presence of large congregations. When in Missouri, I had an opportunity to examine a commandment given to these witnesses, previous to their seeing the plates. They were informed that they should see and hear these things by faith, and then they should testify to the world, as though they had seen and heard, as I see a man, and hear his voice: but after all, it amounts simply to this; that by faith or imagination, they saw the plates and the angel, and by faith or imagination, they heard the voice of the Lord.

Smith describes an angel, as having the appearance of "a tall, slim, well-built, handsome man, with a bright pillar upon his head." The Devil once, he says, appeared to him in the same form, excepting upon his head he had a "black pillar," and by this mark, he was able to distinguish him from the former.

It passes for a current fact in the Mormonite church, that there are immense treasures in the earth, especially in those places in the State of New-York, from whence many of the Mormonites emigrated last spring: and when they become sufficiently purified, these treasures are to be poured into the lap of their church, and then, to use their own language, they are to be the richest people in the world. These treasures were discovered several years since, by means of the dark glass, the same with which Smith says he translated most of the Book of Mormon. Several of those persons, together with Smith, who were formerly unsuccessfully engaged in digging and searching for these treasures, now reside in this county, and from themselves I received this information.


Note: The Christian Mirror copied the above report from the New York Observer of November 12, 1831. See the Oct. 27, 1831 issue of L. L. Rice's Ravenna Ohio Star for the original of this particular letter by Ezra Booth.

Here are Dunkards, known by wearing the beard, by trine [sic - triune?] immersion, universal salvation, and by receiving all persons of good morals, and who profess belief in Jesus Christ, and agree to obey the rules of the society. They are a harmless people, opposed to war, but in other respects submissive to government.

Here are Quakers, or Friends, distinguished by the drab-colored coat, the broad-brimmed hat, and the plain language of thee and thou, yea and nay. -- They are also noted for industry, good morals, and a refusal to bear arms, or perform military duty.

Here are Halcyons, pleading for three dispensations of religion, as represented by the 'moon,' the 'sun,' and an 'army with banners;' corresponding to the dispensations of Moses, of Jesus Christ, and the superior dispensation of revelation under them. In other respects their tenets do not differ materially from those of the sect who call themselves Christ-ians. At first kneeling down in much water, and having it poured copiously on the head of the candidate, was their mode of baptizing, -- the next was immersion, and finally they now usually dispense with water baptism altogether.

The next are Dependers, as they were formally called, afterwards Disciples, and finally by the name of the Church of Christ. They are a species of Newlights, or Christ-ians, and practice immersion on a profession of faith. In the last particular they are not very strict in examination. A declaration of the candidate that he believes that Jesus Christ is the son of God, and the Saviour of men, is generally deemed sufficient. Their principle preachers are by the name of Wright.

The Christ-ians, Newlights, or as some call them Schismatics, are the next in order to receive notice. They are the same heterogeneous class as in other parts, disclaiming all sects in religion, disallowing all creeds and confessions of faith, except the Bible in its own language, and yet striving to make proselytes to their opinions. -- In respect to their views of Jesus Christ, much latitude of opinion is allowed and professed, as is the case respecting other doctrines. Some deny all original sin, and maintain that it is possible for children to be so trained up as to need no repentance.

The Lutherans have two small societies, and a pastor. They adhere to the Augsburgh confession of faith, and imagine if children die unbaptized, their case is very doubtful, if even any hope may be indulged of their salvation.

The Covenanters have several societies and preachers in this State, though not in this immediate vicinity. They refuse to use the rights of sufferage, or accept of any office under the national or State governments; because the Christian religion is not recognized by the constitution. To most of them Watts' Psalms is a blasphemous book, and old Rouse's version, a paragon of piety, sound doctrine, and poetical excellence. -- There is not much warm, active piety and religious enterprise in the sect.

The Seceders, another branch of the old Scotch church, has been planted in Indiana. They are known by their demure looks, their opposition to all other sects, and their formality in worship.

The Episcopalians are not numerous, nor can we learn that they have any clergymen in this State. There have been one or two missionaries, who organized two or three congregations.

The Methodists are the most numerous sect, and probably combine as much talent in the ministry, and as much respectability as any other class. Some seccessions [have] taken place among the Reformers, but we do not learn to what extent. But compared with the Presbyterians, they are losing ground.

The Presbyterians are a pious body of people, not very numerous, yet they combine more influence than the more talented and respectable portion of the community. They take the lead in all works of benevolence, such as Bible societies, Sunday schools, the circulation of tracts, the promotion of education, &c.

The Baptists, as has been intimated, are divided into parties, and exhausting their strengths in petty intestine hostilities. These commitions will very likely result in three parties. The Campbellites, and the disciples of Daniel Parker, tho' antipodes in some points of doctrine, show a remarkable coincidence in many things. Both principles are excrescences to the Baptist system, and will slough off in due time. Of the two erroneous schemes, that of Parker is the worst, which, after leaving out his "Two Seeds," is bare faced antinominanism, and tends to subvert the whole scheme of grace. -- Pioneer.


Note: The above list of western sects, as compiled by the Rev. Dr. John M. Peck, includes the major Christian denominations of his day that had members scattered as far west as Peck's field of ministry on the banks of the Mississippi in Illinois. The Halcyons and New Lights he mentions were more typical of southern Ohio and northern Kentucky, than of the far western frontier -- so perhaps Peck's definition of "the west" included all the landscape past Cincinnati, or some similar expanse of territory. He oddly neglects to include the Mormons in his list; but perhaps Peck had not been to western Missouri and so had not encountered any by the end of 1831. Within the next two years Peck could not avoid hearing about the new sect in the west, and in 1839 he informed the readers of the newspaper he then edited: "In 1833 we wrote a series of articles, which were published [in] a little tract, at our own expense, and circulated in Illinois to expose the delusions of Mormonism." Peck's "little tract" (a four-page pamphlet, which he entitled: Mormonism, One of the Delusions of Satan, Exposed, and credited to "A Friend of Truth"), must have been one of the very first anti-Mormon publications. For another reprint, see the Ohio Hudson Observer of Jan. 12, 1832

Death of a Mormon Preacher. -- Died in Pomfret, Vt. on Saturday, 7th inst. Jos. H. Bracenbury, "Mormon Preacher." He recently came to this town from Ohio, in company with one or two individuals of the same society. They preached, exhorted, and with great zeal and apparent humility, attempted to propagate their doctrines. Two or three embraced their sentiments so far as to be baptized -- one a Free Will Baptist, and the other a Presbyterian.

In confirmation of their doctrine and divine mission, they professed to have power to heal the sick & raise the dead. It is credibly reported, that they attempted twice without effect to heal Miss Nancy Johnson, made a cripple by falling from a horse. She was not healed for lack of faith; but started for Ohio with the Mormons, to obtain more. The company of Bracenbury attempted also to heal her, and since his decease, to raise him from the dead.


Note: This garbled account should be entirely ignored by the modern reader -- see the NY Wayne Sentinel of Feb. 14, 1832 and appended notes and links, for the correct version of Elder Brackenbury's death.

In commenting on the doings of a Baptist Anti-mission association in Illinois, the Editor of the Pioneer exclaims,

"Visionary Institutions." What are these? But perhaps this is the printer's mistake for missionary institutions.

"Ligament of -- "political power!" No, the printer was not mistaken. It is visionary," &c. and being connected with ?"political power," must allude to the score or two of anti-mission preachers, who were candidates for the Legislature, that they might put down Sunday schools and missionary opperations by LAW -- at the head of which was the Father of "Two Seeds." But the people have put their veto upon them."

We will thank brother Peck to give us the facts here insinuated, in plain words, and under his own responsibility. If "anti-mission" preachers have attempted to get into office, avowedly for such a purpose, it is time for us to know it. We at the east do not wish them to deceive the people, by crying out against "church and state," till they have brought the state under the dominion of their own church.

Our "anti-mission" folks at the east -- that is, our Universalists, Deists, and Atheists, for we have no other to speak of -- sometimes show plainly enough that they would like to see their own opinions about missions, and all other religious doings, enforced by law. They sometimes even intimate even in print, that the law ought not to suffer people to meet for religious worship too many days in succession, nor too early in the morning, and that something terrible ought to be done with preachers, who frighten wicked men by telling them that they are "in danger of hell fire." But these things appear only in unguarded expressions, which slip out when their zeal gets the better of their caution. -- In their cooler moments, they seem very anxious to convince us that they never said, or certainly never meant, any such thing. And as for coming out openly, and seeking office for the sake of making such laws, they know better. They know that after such an avowal, in the land of "Yankees," they should never get a vote for any office, except such as they might give for each other, nor an audience to hear them preach. Are the sons of freedom at the West less sharp sighted to discern, or less prompt to resist, the first approaches to ecclesiastical tyranny?

We repeat our request to the Editor of the Pioneer, for a definite statement of the facts to which he has alluded. We have no doubt that the spirit of persecution, in this country, has its principal residence in the breasts of the "anti-mission" part of [the] community, & that [if] they did feel themselves strong enough, they would show that spirit in deeds of blood. We think it desirable, therefore, to watch their movements. -- Vt. Chrn.


Note: Rev. John M. Peck's lament over the anti-mission Baptists having medled in Illinois politics in 1832, was no doubt extended to their subsequent activities in that state. An assembly of these people issued a statement dated, Vandalia, Ill. Jan. 5th, 1836, saying: "The citizens from most of the counties in the state of Illinois, in general meeting, have assembled in the state house of representatives in Vandalia, and having heard a lecture, from Rev. Lawrence Greatrake, on the 'Signs of the Times;' and having organized themselves into a general lobby..." etc., etc. Elder Greatrake (Sidney Rigdon's successor as a Baptist pastor in Pittsburgh) takes Rev. Peck to task several times in the his 1836 pamphlet.

The Mormonites. -- Several weeks since, we published a letter from Mr. B. Pixley, residing in Independence, Jackson co. Missouri, the seat of the Mormonites, which they call Mount Zion, and sometimes New Jerusalem. In the last Cincinnati Journal, we find another from Mr. Pixley, dated March 4. The Journal says, that Mr. Pixley is "a clergyman of the Baptist Church, and his statements may be relied upon as certainly correct." On the 1st of March, a member of the Mormon communion sued the Bishop in order to recover certain moneys sent to him, the said Bishop, from Ohio, by the plaintiff, for certain objects, which the plaintiff said had not been fulfilled. It appeared in evidence that the plaintiff had paid fifty dollars to the Bishop "to purchase an inheritance for himself and for the saints of God in Zion in these last days." The Bishop bought the lands in his own name, to his heirs and assigns, but had given no possession to the plaintiff and others, except to occupy some little portion of these grounds, about 20 acres to a family, while they should behave themselves well, but in default to be ejected. The jury gave a verdict for the plaintiff. Thus we see that the famed Mount Zion Mormonites do not agree among themselves. Others will also sue the Bishop. And Mr. Pixley advises those, who are determined to be Mormonites, to keep back at least enough of their property to get a little home of their own, and one year's provision. He says no miracles as pretended, are wrought here. "They are all wrought in Ohio. And in Ohio, it is understood, he supposes, that they are all wrought in Missouri!" -- Chr. Watchman.


Notes: (forthcoming)

MORMONISM AND THE SMALL POX. -- There having been several cases of small pox in the village of Jamestown, Chautauque County, a committee of citizens was appointed to take measures to prevent its spreading. In their report the committee state that their efforts to prevent the spread of the disease have been hindered by a sect calling themselves Mormonites, who profess to believe that the disorder will not attack them, neither would they spread it, although they might come in contact with others not protected, even if the [smell] or matter covered them. Notwithstanding their belief, one of the Mormons had been seized with the disease, and it was feared that this sect would be the means of scattering the infection through the country. -- Rochester Daily Advertiser.


Notes: (forthcoming)

ONE HONEST MORMON! -- One of the Mormonites has become dissatisfied with his new faith and brethren, and has denounced them all, in a Westfield, (N. Y.) paper, in the words following:

"And now I testify to you before God and these witnesses, that I never had any impressions or exercises different from other times, since I joined the Mormons; that the tongues spoken by me are of my own invention, and, that, as far as my knowledge extends, the whole is a farce, and may my fate be like that of Ananias and Sapphira if I do not speak the truth honestly before God!"


Notes: (forthcoming)

The Mormonites, who founded a settlement in Jackson County Missouri, which they regard as the land of promise, are such an eye sore to the inhabitants of that region, that they have been ordered to remove from the county with their families


Notes: (forthcoming)

Mormonism. -- The Mormonites have had regular preaching for some weeks past in the upper part of this town, during which time many acquisitions have been made to their church. Some of our most respected citizens, who reside in that part of the town, have embraced their faith, and are active in exerting their influence to extend and advance, as they say, the greatest light that has ever yet dawned upon the mysteries of an awful Eternity. -- Saco. Rep.


Note: Among the converts the Mormons were making in the Saco area, at this time, were a number of former followers of the "Prophet" Jacob Cochran.

(From the Thomaston Journal.)

MONEY DIGGERS. The traditionary belief that the Buccaniers who infested the coast about 200 years ago secreted large sums in different places is still entertained. Various expeditions have been got up at different times to explore for the hidden treasure, but with uniform bad success. It is supposed to be strictlky watched and guarded by the departed spirits of the departed Pirates or 'auld Nick' himself, and it is only by the most scientific process that it can be subtracted from them. We saw a number of large places excavated on the Island of Monhegan last summer; the recent work of Money Diggers. They several times come so near as to strike the crowbar upon the pot containing the money and make it jingle again, when in an instnat, presto, change, and it was gone to another place. A company of money diggers consisting of two men, a boy, and an old woman, armed with mining [sic - mineral?] rods, crowbars, and the Bible, were employed on Saturday and Sunday nights in digging for money, over on Seavy's point. One of the men was so fortunate Sunday night as to stick his crowbar full chism upon the pot, when, strange to tell, a large rock fell, sent by an invisible and mysterious agency, directly at his feet, and the next instant a huge misshapen ghost stood before him, as he says, at least 20 feet high. -- 'Dad,' said the courageous boy, 'mayd'nt I thow a stone at him?' But the old man silenced the boy, and with blanched lips and chattering teeth addressed the ghost in the name of the Lord Jesus and demanded to know how much he would take for interest in the money; the ghost replied in a very surly tone that he wouldn't sell out and was about to make a semonstration of his power when the money diggers gave way to their fears and fled, closely pursued by more than five hundred ghosts, leaving the Bible on the spot. The old man says next time he'll have a 'clinch for it.' He begins to suspect the ghosts are made of tangible materials.


Note: From various old accounts, it appears that certain gangs of early 19th century money diggers incorporated elements of the Christian religion into their occult rituals, aimed at disabling or defeating the supposed guradian spirits who stood watch over buried treasures. It is not difficult to perceive how a secretive, ritualistic band of treasure seekers might evolve into a miniature cult -- and especially so if the group was gathered about a charismatic leader whom the followers believed was blessed with supernatural powers. One congregation of ostensible Bible-believing Christians who appear to have made just such an occult transition, centered upon their money-digging activities, was the Congregational church members of Middletown, Vermont. Around the year 1800 a number of the members of that church, headed by the dubious Rev. Nathanial Wood, evolved into something like a money-digging, millennial cult. The historian Barnes Frisbie, in relating their story, points out that the top leaders of such occult sects generally are more occupied in promoting the cult's wonderful activities than in doing any real shovel-work themselves --- "the Woods... then commenced using the hazel rod and digging for money, which was in the spring or early in the summer of 1800... the Woods were the ostensible managers. They did not handle the pick and shovel very much in the digging; that part of the work was mostly done by those who were drawn into it by the Woods." Thus, it may be seen that the leader of a fanatical money-digging cult might manage his deluded followers much as he pleased, keeping them busy investing their time and resources in fruitless heavy labor, while he lounges about, only occasionally consulting the direction his enchanted mineral rod, peep-stone or book of holy writ.

From the Salem Register.    

WAR WITH THE MORMONITES. Some account has already been given of the aggression committed upon the Mormonites, settled in Missouri, by the people of the neighborhood of the settlement. It appears by the statement of Orson Hyde, one of the Mormons, dated at St. Louis, 9th Nov., that further acts of aggression and violence have been committed, and that much blood has been shed, the injured Mormons having defended themselves with great bravery. The N. York Commercial Advertiser says, Mr. Hyde's statement is fully confirmed by other accounts. Mr. Hyde in his narrative says -- that on the night of Oct. 31, 40 or 50 of the citizens of Jackson county, attacked and partly demolished twelve of the dwelling houses of the Mormonites, the inmates being obliged to escape to the woods, Two of the Mormonite men were taken and beaten cruelly with stones and clubs, and left only a breath of life in them. The narrative proveeds:

Friday night, November the 1 -- the mob broke open the store of Gilbert & Whitney, and scattered their goods through the streets. They demolished Mr. Gilbert's brick dwelling house, and broke in the door and windows of all the dwellings in Independence belonging to our people. Saturday our people left their dwellings and took their most valuable articles of furniture, clothing, &c. and gathered together that they might be better prepared for self-defence. Night came on, and the mob came with it, and commenced their ravages again above the Blue, and after they had fired five or six guns upon our people without effect, our people fired upon them, and one of their number exclaimed, "O my God! I am shot!" The mob then dispersed, taking their wounded companion along with them, who was shot through the thigh.

On Monday last, the mob collected again, in the town of Independence, to the number of two or three hundred, well armed; they called it Calling out The Militia. They immediately [sic - undoubtedly?] thought that the above appellation would sound better than its real and legitimate name, which is MOB, and if they could lessen the magnitude of their crime in the eyes of the community by so doing, they, no doubt, would be highly gratified. But this cunning plot to deceive, covers their iniquity no more than the fig leaves covered our first parents in the garden from the piercing eye of Jehovah. At night, a part of the number that had collected in town, went above Blue, to drive our people away, and destroy our property; but they were met by a party of our people, and being prepared, they poured a deadly fire upon them. Two or three of their number fell dead on the ground, and a number mortally wounded.-- Among the former was Hugh L. Breazeale, Attorney at Law. Tuesday morning there was a number of the mob missing and could not be accounted for, I was told.

Mr. Hyde learnt, after leaving the settlement, that another battle took place the succeeding night in which Mr. Hicks, Attorney at Law, fell, pierced with several balls, and about twenty more of the mob shared a similar fate. Hicks was one of the leaders of the mob. It was also reported that two of the Mormonites were killed, and two wounded. He says it was useless to attempt to enforce the laws at the seat of the war, as every officer, civil and military, with one or two exceptions, was either directly or indirectly engaged in the mob. -- Mr. Hyde closes his statement as follows: --

Under these painful circumstances, what remains to be done? Must we be driven from our homes? Must we leave the soil for which we have paid our money? Must our women and children be turned out of doors with nothing but the clouded canopy to cover them and the perpetration of the above crimes escape unpunished? Or must we fight our enemies three to one, or lie down and die and our names be blotted out from among men? Let the Executive of our state and nation consider these questions, and if they will answer them in the negative, let them signify it by raising the helping hand.


Notes: (forthcoming)

The account which we published last week, was from the pen of a Mormon. The following is from a letter of the Rev. B. Pixley to the Editors of the N. York Observer. It presents the affair under a somewhat different aspect. Still, it is obvious from both statements, that, so far as it respects acts of violence, the enemies of the Mormonites were the first aggressors. To be sure, the fanaticism, and extravagant pretensions of this sect must be sufficiently provoking to their near neighbors; but the course which has been taken in regard to them, besides its wickedness, is extremely foolish, and well suited to confirm these men in their delusions -- to induce them to think that they suffer for righteousness' sake -- and likewise to awaken the sympathy of the pious and the humane in their behalf. Why will not men learn wisdom from history, and from an examination of their own minds! Will such rough treatment from our fellowmen convert us to their sentiments?

(Rev. Pixley's Nov. 7, 1833 letter follows.)

Notes: (forthcoming)

[From the Morning Star.]

Bowdoin, Me. Nov. 20, 1833.    

MORMONISM  IN  ANDOVER, ME.

Some months since, a number of brethren, under my watch and care, removed from this town to Letter B, a town lying on the borders of lake Umbagog. Soon after their removal to that town, God revived his work among them, upwards of 20 were gathered into a church of our denomination, and for a short time they enjoyed the peaceful presence of God. -- At length two Mormon preachers went into the place and proclaimed in their ears another gospel, to which most of them gave heed, By a pressing request from certain brethren, I revently made them a visit. When I arrived there on Saturday at noon; their meeting on the Sabbath being in the neighborhood, I did not appoint a meeting, but attended theirs, to observe their movements and learn their order. It was their communion season. Daniel Bean, their elder, addressed the throne of grace; then stood up to read; after reading three chapters, he proceeded to exhort the children to a consistancy of faith. When this was done, he requested to know if any desired to be baptized. -- A young man arose, and they repaired to the water and baptized him. After they returned to the house, Elder Bean made a short prayer; then the convert knelt down, and Elder Bean laid hands on him, that he might receive the Holy Ghost. In the course of the meeting, one arose and spake in tonhues, desiring a young woman to interpret. Although I heard them speak frequently in tongues, yet no one interpreted. They profess to have the gifts of healing and working miracles, as did the apostles. Elder Bean told me that he expected to go to Missouri where Christ would soon make his second appearance. I heard him speak, read, sing, and pray in tongues, and while he was in his devotions I thought of the expression of scripture concerning the unclean spirits, spoken of by John the revelator. -- When will the devil let the Church of God alone? While in the place I preached three discourses, and endeavored to persuade sinners to be reconciled to God.     NATHANIEL PURINTON.


Notes: (forthcoming)

Dr. P. Hurlburt, of Kirkland, Ohio, who has been engaged for some time in different parts of this state, but chiefly in this neighborhood, on behalf of his fellow-townsmen, in the pursuit of facts and information concerning the origin and design of the Book of Mormon, which, to the surprise of all who know the character of the leaders in the bungling imposition, seems to have gained multitudes of believers in various parts of the country, requests us to say, that he has succeeded in accomplishing the object of his mission and that an authentic history of the whole affair will shortly be given to the public. The original manuscript of the book was written some thirty years since, by a respectable clergyman, now deceased, whose name we are not permitted to give. It was designed to be published as a romance but the author died soon after it was written and hence the plan failed. The pretended religious character of the work has been added by some more modern hand -- believed to be the notorious Rigdon. These particulars have been derived by Dr. Hurlburt from the widow of the author of the original manuscript. -- Palmyra Sent.


Notes: (forthcoming)

Mormons. -- From the last Missouri Enquirer we learn, that warlike preparations are making on both sides. The inhabitants of Jackson county, "the promised land," have held a meeting, and elected Samuel C. Jones commander in chief of all their forces. The Governor of the State, it is said, had advised a compromise if possible, by purchasing the land of the Mormons, and paying them for the injuries they have sustained. For this purpose ten persons have been appointed and clothed with full power to settle the whole matter, who were to meet the Mormons at Liberty on Monday the 16th inst. Later intelligence states that the Governor has gone to Jackson co. himself. -- St. Louis Onserver.


Notes: (forthcoming)

It must give pain to every orderly citizen, who feels sn honest pride in the fair fame of his native land to observe the discontents, which are ripening into petty civil wars, in different sections of our United States. Do npt those occurrences admonish the wise and good to unite in the best measures to counteract these outbreakings of the worst passions? We give the following extract of a letter, because we believe it to be our duty to be aware of the internal dangers that threaten our national peace: -- Chr. Watchman.

"Bluffdale, Green Co., Illinois, June 20, 1834.            

"Your readers are already apprised of the fact that a church of that order, of twenty five members, exists in this settlement. Recently preachers have visited them and a powerful excitement is in agitation, not only here but throughout all the Mormon ranks. The Prophet professes to have had a revelation from God, requiring the Mormons to go back to their Zion in Jackson co., Missouri, from which they were driven last winter by force of arms. The Mormons are determined to occupy the lands which they have purchased or die in the attempt. One spirit seems to pervade the whole denomination, and they are collecting from the remotest parts of the Union. Blood will flow unless the government of the State gives the Mormons their protection. -- They are cool, determined, say little, and use no gasconding threats of what they will do. To converse with their leading men, and see the spirit that prevails among all the members, is all that is required to convince any one they are men who have made up their minds to die in the last ditch, if necessary. Deluded though they be, they are American citizens, and have a right to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences, and live upon the soil for which they have honestly paid. The people who drove them off, are making preparations to repel every attempt of theirs to return to their possessions. They are procuring men and arms. It is stated openly in the public papers, that one individual there has procured a cannon at his own expense. Will such a contest speak much in favor of our country?

---

Spread of the Mormon Doctrine. -- We understand that Mormonism has made considerable progress in several parts of Oxford County; and that in the town of Wilton, in this County, several respectable individuals have become converts and have received baptism. -- Hal. Adv.

---

MORMONS -- We learn from the "Enquirer," (Liberty) that the proposed meeting took place in that town on Monday, the 16th ult. between the committee of Jackson county and that of the Mormons. The parties were addressed in the Court House, by the Hon. John F. Ryland, urging an amicable adjustment of differences. A public meeting of the citizens of Liberty was also held, for the purpose of appointing a committee to mediate between the parties, but owing to the great excitement, adjourned without coming to any decision. The Mormon committee on receiving the proposition of the people of Jackson, declared themselves not authorised to enter into treaty, but promised to lay the proposal before their brethren. No adjustment is anticipated by the means now in operation. -- The ferry boat crossing from Liberty to Independence, on which it was supposed the committee from Jackson county would cross after the negotiation, and which did contain part of them, was sunk, it is supposed by design, and five lives lost. The state of things in the upper counties is truly deplorable, and needs the attention of the citizens of the state. -- St. Louis Observer.


Notes: (forthcoming)

BOWLING GREEN, Mo., July 15, 1834.    

Mormons. -- We have been informed that a meeting of the Mormons, residents in this county, was held on Sunday the 13th inst. about ten miles from this place; at which they resolved to renounce the doctrines of Mormon for the present, or in other words, to remain silent and neutral until something new shall have been revealed to them from heaven. Numbers of those who sometime since went to Jackson, are daily returning on their way back to the place from whence they started. It is said that the Cholera had broken out in their camp, and that many had died. Some of those returning express themselves dissatisfied with their Prophet, Gen. J. Smith. They say he has failed in all his attempts to cure the Cholera, or to bring the dead to life.


Note: This obscure report from Pike Co., Missouri evidently originated in the pages of a local newspaper (such as the Pike Co. Democrat), and was then perhaps reprinted by some St. Louis paper.

Gladden Bishop, a Mormonite Preacher, in an account of this fanatical sect, says it commenced in Manchester, Ontario county, N. York, April 1830, with only six members, and now numbers 20,000, and 800 preachers, with two printing offices, two stores, and a large stone edifice, for a house of worship. The facts, if true, which we doubt, are a sad commentary on the conservative power of human reason against the inroads of one of the most audacious impostures that ever disgraced the annals of mankind. -- Cab.


Notes: (forthcoming)

The Mormonites. -- This sect is still in active existence in Ohio. Joe Smith, their leader, has had a stone building erected on the shores of lake Erie; 53 by 78 feet, which he has denominated the "Temple of the Lord." In several places in New England, they are holding forth and making proselytes. -- N. Y. Tran.


Notes: (forthcoming)

Jo Smith, the Mormon prophet, has bought three mummies, and has discovered that they are the bodies of Joseph (the son of Abraham,) and King Abimeleck and his daughter. They are now to gull poor human nature. -- Cum. Pres.


Notes: (forthcoming)

Author of the Book of Mormon.

...Smith is too ignorant and stupid to have originated such a book. This his followers readily admit and glory in it as an evidence that he must have been divinely inspired. But others regard it as a proof of nothing more than that the book was indited by some other man...

(under construction)

Notes: (forthcoming)

A letter from the Pastor of the Baptist Church in Cleaveland Ohio, to the Pastor of the Baptist Church in Vinalhaven, Maine. Published ny request of the writer.

Cleaveland, March 25, 1838.    

Dear Brother, -- I have just received yours directed to the church under my pastoral charge, and hasten its reply. I am very sorry that you should be tormented with the most foolish and blasphemous system of Mormonism. Of all ancient and modern "isms" or impostures, it is the most strikingly absurd. It combines within itself all the elements of the most vulgar and heartless depravity, as well as certain dissolution.

I knew Jo Smith before he commenced this crusade of Knight errantry. He was then, what he now is, a poor, intemperate, quarrelsome and ignorant fellow; just fit for a tool in the hand of some wicked and designing man to accomplish any nefarious purpose. He would put a certain magical stone into his hat, and then by looking upon it, he pretended he could discover gold and silver mines, and succeeded in duping some credulous persons whom he ruined. Soon after this, unquestionably at the instigation of some person equally depraved, but of a sounder head, he wrote his Mormon book a perfect tissue of the most consummate folly and duplicity. After wandering about from place to place, he fixed upon Kirtland, by divine direction, as the great moral centre of the universe, from which laws were to be given to the world; and where our Saviour was to dwell personally in the latter day. -- He succeeded in exciting that part of the community given to the miraculous and strange, and whom sober sense and sound reason could not move.

In Kirtland they built what they called the splendid Temple, but which in fact is nothing more than a great unsightly stone building, with nothing singular, save the folly of its erection, excepting some hanging curtains in the interior, and some mysterious figures and characters painted on the spiritual wardens' seats; enough to fill the mind of every ignorant beholder, with the emotions of the sublime!

A man by the name of Rigdon is associated with Smith in the management of the temporal and spiritual interests of this concern. Rigdon possesses more mind than Smith, and perhaps an equal amount of depravity.

They attempted to establish a bank, and after professing to have a million and a half in specie, they succeeded in throwing into circulation a large amount of money, which, of course, the public have lost. They would fill boxes with sand, and then covered them over with silver, and solemnly protest they were filled with specie. This a gentleman told me, whose authority cannot be questioned. Jo Smith has been detected, I know not how many times, in fraud; he has been indicted once for MURDER; and how many times more, and how varied the charges, I have never taken the trouble to inquire.

Smith is exceedingly quarrelsome, and fights any one against whom he holds a grudge. The minister of the largest congregation in this county, a few months since, merely told Jo Smith that he thought Mormonism was a most foolish and wicked system; when Smith struck him several times, using the most bitter language!

A lady remarked to me not long since, that before the Mormons came, they lived in peace and safety; but since, their gardens and orchards were pilfered, and nothing was safe, excepting under lock and key.

But their Temple, their farms and property have gone. Smith and Rigdon have both run away and left the country. And others, poor, despised, afflicted, and deceived, are following the example of their leaders, some one way and some another. But, strange as it may appear, some yet adhere to Smith, while others declare him a notorious impostor, and choose other leaders.

I would not be understood as saying, I do not think it possible that a good person can be deceived, or that they are all like their wretched leaders; but the number of good or even moral, I should think exceedingly small.

In this very hasty sketch, I am not conscious of having said one thing too severe; but I am confident that what I have written would be mild if compared with what thousands of the most intelligent citizens in this country would say, if asked to write their views upon this subject. As to their baptism, it is but a part of their blasphemies, for which may God forgive them.
              In haste, I am respectfully yours,
                              LEVI TUCKER.

We spent a Sabbath with the above writer at the time of our western tour, and consider his character ample pledge for the correctness of his statements. We have thought that our friends in Vinalhaven were giving too much attention to a system so perfectly absurd and ridiculous -- but they can judge better as they witness its effects. We would not esteem any thing unworthy of attention that is capable of ruining the souls of men.

Editor of Advocate    

Note 1: Elder Levi Tucker (1804-1853) was an early pastor of the First Baptist Church of Cleveland, serving in that office from 1836 to 1842. He was born in Gilboa, Schoharie, NY, but evidently grew up in neighboring Delaware Co. He graduated from Hamilton College (located at Clinton, Oneida Co., NY) in 1828, and returned to Delaware Co., the following year, to become pastor of the First Baptist Church of the town of Deposit (located on the border with Broome Co., NY). From 1831 to 1835 he was a minister in Philadelphia, but moved to Cleveland, Ohio in 1835 and became the Baptist pastor there the next year. He died in Cortland Co., NY. in 1853.

Note 2: Elder Tucker's personal acquaintance with Joseph Smith, Jr. was evidently made c. 1825-1827 in the region around Deposit, NY (which was very near Smith's known whereabouts during that period). Tucker is wrong in saying that Joseph Smith was charged with "murder" in Ohio -- since Smith was only brought to trial as a conspirator or accomplice in the attempted assassination of Grandison Newell.

Signs of Trouble. --We learn through the medium of the St. Louis (Mo.) Gazette, that a public meeting was held at Carrollton, Carrol county, Mo., on the 13th ult., to take into consideration the most effectual was easiest way of preventing the people called Mormons from settling in that county. After the appointment of J. Stanly as Chairman, and T. H. Freeman, Secretary, a preamble setting forth the views of the meeting, was adopted, together with resolutions, disapproving of the conduct of David Thompson and Henry Rock in selling land to the Mormons, and entreating them to rescind all contracts made with them, for land or otherwise. They also resolved that the Mormons be and they are hereby requested, to leave the county of Carroll, on or before the 7th day of August next, and if not, by that time, other measures will be adopted.


Notes: (forthcoming)

THE  MORMONS.

The St. Louis papers are reporting on "...various disturbances committed by the Mormons during the late election.... some cutting and stabbing was perpetrated by the Mormons of Davies county..."

A steamboat brings news "that Joe Smith (Mormon) had surrendered himself to the civil authorities. This implies some further movements against the Mormons, of which we are not yet advised."


Note: The above textual fragments will be replaced here with the full article, after a more reliable copy can be located. The Transcript report seems to have been derived from articles in the Sept. 15, 1838 issue of Niles Register.

The Mormon War. -- The St. Louis Republican of the 19th says:

It seems that there has been one conflict already, in which lives were lost. Reports by the steamboat Howard, say that the people of Saline, Lafayette, Ray and Clay had, in addition to Davies and Lexington, sent out volunteers. Camden, in Ray, was deserted of all its able-bodied men. The Mormons fortified their town, Far West, and were 1500 strong.


Notes: (forthcoming)

The Mormon war in Missouri waxes warm, and the excitement there is great and unprecedented. One account coming from Lexington, says that the Mormons and their adversaries are up in arms. The citizens of Ray Co. had sent a wagon load of arms and ammunition to the citizens of Daviess, for the purpose of defending themselves. On their way out they were captured by a company of Mormons and taken to Far West, Committees from the other side had asked for men to assist them in the protection of their property. Far West is the head quarters of the Mormons. They have fortified their town, and are determined to hold out. -- They are stated to be about one thousand strong, and well supplied with arms and ammunition.

The Booneville Emigrant of the 13th Sept. gives the following particulars of the Mormons and the excitement:

"From the best information we can obtain, the Mormons are from 1500 to 2000 fighting men; and it is stated upon good authority that a large emigrating party of Mormons are now on their way from Canada to join their friends in Missouri, which will increase their force, so as to make them very formidble: if this war should break out, it must become a war of extermination, as the Mormons are desperate, and rendered more so, by the fanatical spirit infused into them by that arch deceiver, Jo Smith, under whose banner they act, and by whose malign influence they are misguided, and ready for any act of desperation. Their disorderly conduct for months past, has so exasperated the people that they can no longer tolerate or permit them to remain among them."

Another account, and a well authenticated one says that a committee in Daviess county were calling on the people of Howard county to raise a force and come to their assistance, and aid them in expelling the Mormons from the county -- that the citizens of Daviess had removed their families, and were making preparations for warlike operation: that the Mormons were in a state of open rebellion against the laws, and war between them and the citizens was inevitable; that the people of Daviess had come to the fixed determination of commencing the attack on the 3d Monday of September.

Postscript. -- The following additional news from the seat of the Mormon War was received this morning. By the following letter from the Missouri Jeffersonian of the 14th ult., it appears the Governor of the State has thought it necessary to call out the militia: --

We are authorised to state, that in consequence of the recent indications of Indian difficulties on the frontiers of this State and Arkansas, and the recent civil disturbances in the counties of Daviess and Caldwell, the Governor has ordered three thousand mounted men to be raised and held in readiness to meet either emergency. The people of the frontier counties counties may safely calculate on being protected, as well from enemies within, as from those without our borders, and that no supremacy of the law will be maintained.

---

Mormons bound from the East to the West. -- The last Bangor Mechanic and Farmer says that it learns that a company of about fifty Mormons are soon to start for the land of promise in the West, from Camden in this State. They have comfortable covered wagons and intend to take their provisions and working apparatus along with them, and board themselves on the road. They have expended about three thousand dollars for the outfit, which, perhaps, ought to be taken as an evidence, so far, at least, of their sincerity in the belief of the doctrines of Jo Smith and his book of Mormon. We congratulate Jo Smith and his society upon the acquisition of this new recruit from down east, and we especially congratulate the State of Maine upon their departure from its borders. We wish them nothing worse than a long absence. -- Adv.


Notes: (forthcoming)

Mormon Troubles Ended. -- A gentleman who arrived in St. Louis on the 28th ult., direct from Columbia, states that all the volunteer companies were disbanded by the Governor, and had returned to their respective homes. Peace and quietness reigned among the Mormons -- and the general impression in that section of the country was, that the Mormons had been greatly slandered -- "more sinned against than sinning."


Notes: (forthcoming)

Jefferson, (Mo.) Sept. 20.    

The Mormons. -- Information has been received, by express from Judge King, who presides in the circuit where the difficulty exists, that an insurrection is now actually on foot in the counties of Caldwell and Daviess. The same information has just been received from General Atchinson, who is now at Richmond, with 250 men, and intends proceeding immediately to the scene of difficulty. General A. has ordered out 400 more men from his division. In consequence of this information, the Governor has, by express, ordered generals Grant, of Boone, to have 300 men, Clark, of Howard, to have 500 men, Lucas, of Jackson, 400 men, and Crowther, of Cooper, 400 men, organized and to march immediately to the scene of difficulty, to suppress the insurrection and restore order to the community. General Atchinson states, that the men now under arms in Daviess and Caldwell are not less than 2,000, the greater part of whom are Mormons, and the balance citizens.

The Governor has also ordered out the Boonville Guards, to be in readiness, to join him at Boonville on Saturday or Sunday next, and march with him to the scene of operation. The Governor, Adjutent General, and two Aids leave this morning.

Major General Bolton will also repair to the scene of action, with some two hundred volunteers from this county, in two or three days.

The only object of the Commander-in-Chief seems to be to prevent the shedding of blood, and restore order to the community.

The citizens in that quarter may now rest assured that the strong arm of the law will be enforced and themselves protected in their rights.


Notes: (forthcoming)

The Mormon War. -- At the latest dates there was a prospect of the revival of the Mormon War, with more than its former degree of vigor.

Notes: (forthcoming)

Further from the Mormons. -- We learn by the Pirate, which arrived at noon today, that, on Tuesday night, the anti-Mormons were still in force near Dewit. The Pirate lay at Greenville, seven miles above Dewit, on Tuesday night. At that time, information had come in, that the Anti-Mormons had given their opponents notice that they must take up their line of march next morning at 8 o'clock. This, the Mormons refused to do. It was reported also that the Anti-Mormons had sent word to the Mormons that, if they would collect their women and children in one house -- that house should not be fired on. As the Pirate passed down on Wednesday morning, by Dewit, a flag was seen flying over the largest houses there. From all appearances, there is reason to believe that a conflict took place on Wednesday. -- St. Louis Gazette, Oct. 12.


Notes: (forthcoming)

The Mormon war has been terminated, by a surrender of the Mormon leaders to the troops under General Atchinson. This happened on Sunday, October 28th. On that day, about three thousand men, being part of the army of 5000, ordered out under Gen. Clark, comprising Gen. Atchinson's division, made their appearance before the town of Far West, the county seat of Caldwell county, where the Mormons were entrenched. Upon their approach the Mormons had hoisted a white flag, which was shot down by Capt. Bogard, but was immediately replaced. Gen. Atchison then sent in a message, with a view to learn their wishes and intentions, when six of the leaders avowed their willingness to surrender, in the expectation that the Mormons should be unharmed. The surrender was accepted, and the individuals put under guard. Their names are Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, George Hinkle, Lyman Wight, Parley P. Pratt, and Mr. Knight. The Mormons assembled, at Far West, comprised 700 men under arms. Of this number, a small body of 150, retreated and pursued their way to the northern frontier.

The reports vary as to what happened after the surrender. In fact, our intelligence does not come down clearly to that period, later than the day of the capitulation.

On the day after, Gen. Atchison received the order of the Governor, which has already been mentioned in this paper, as directing the expulsion or extermination of the Mormons. It is said that, shocked and disgusted with the severity of the command, he retired and went home. After that event, it is stated that several -- some accounts say 40 of the Mormons -- were put to death. One version of the statement is, that the Mormons killed, at this time, were such as had not come into Far West. We need, however, more certain and authentic information, than we now have, on this head.

It is stated that, about the time of the surrender, a Company of men -- 200 in number -- fell upon a body of the Mormons, in Splawn's settlement, on Shoal Creek, about 20 miles from Far West. The Mormons, it is stated, were 36 in number; and the story runs that all but four were put to death. Some of the names of the killed, as reported to us, are David Evans from Ohio, Jacob Fox, from Pennsylvania, Thomas M'Bride and his father, Mr. Daly, M. Merrill and his son-in-law, Mr. White, all from Ohio.
As to the Mormon ravages in Daviess County, [about] the plundering and burning of which so much has been said -- we are informed that, before those hostile operations, the Mormons held a consultation, at which the propriety of the steps afterwards taken, was debated at large. Some of their number were averse to the plan, and nearly one third dissented from it. The reasons assigned for these measures, were alleged outrages by their enemies in Carrol and Daviess Counties. According to the Mormon statement, their houses and buildings, near DeWitt, in Carrol County, had been destroyed by their enemies, and they themselves expelled from the County, and afterwards pursued, on their retreat into Daviess. It was, therefore, as they allege, in retaliation for previous unprovoked outrages, that they executed their system of violence and terror in the County of Daviess. Evidently, they could not have adopted a more suicidal policy -- allowing their own statements to be wholly true.

From the St. Louis Republican, 9th inst.

The Steamer St. Peters came in yesterday evening from Jefferson city, She brings nothing further concerning the Mormons

We have no time now -- and it would take more space than we can spare for it -- even with the knowledge of all the facts, to enter into a history of the origin and progress of this difficulty. But there is a statement in this connection, which we have heard but recently, and which we sincerely hope is not true. -- That statement is as follows.

About the 9th or 10th of last month, when about 80 Mormon families had been expelled from Carroll county, and driven into Daviess, a message was sent by them to the State executive, praying for his interposition in their behalf. The reply to that message was, that already the State had been put to a great deal of expense on account of these difficulties, and that he could see no cause to interpose, thus leaving the parties to fight it out!

The disposition of the captured Mormons presents a case of great difficulty. They are generally poor -- at least they have but little money, and few means besides their stock and crops to preserve them from starvation. As it is, we suspect, these means are very much abridged. The presence of several thousand troops in their vicinity must have reduced them greatly. The proposition -- so it is given out -- is to remove them from the State. Who will advance the funds, wherewith to consummate to such a measure? And where shall they be sent? Their numbers exceed five thousand, men women and children! Are these 5000 people -- without any means and literally beggars -- to be thrust upon the charities of Illinois, Iowa, or Wisconsin?

It is said that the leaders are to be put to trial. -- We hope there may be a trial, and that the trial will extend to a most thorough, rigid, and impartial examination into the origin and progress of this extraordinary commotion. We hope that a searching operation will be applied to the guilty on all sides. It is only in such a way that the government and people of this State can place themselves in a just and dignified attitude before their sister governments and fellow citizens of the Union.

THE MORMONS. -- Later. -- It would appear, by the following paragraph, extracted from the St. Louis Bulletin of the 9th inst., that further resistance to the State troops had been made by some of the Mormons.

There are various rumours afloat concerning the surrender of the Mormons, and we are afraid that the disturbances have not terminated so amicably as was reported. We have conversed with a gentleman who arrived yesterday afternoon from Jefferson city, on board the St. Peters, and he states that an express arrived there on Wednesday night, bringing intelligence that a party of Mormons who had fortified themselves in a house were attacked by the volunteers under the command of Gen. Lucas, and thirty-two of them killed -- seven of the volunteers were wounded, and one killed. It is further stated that the Governor had issued orders to Gen. Clark to retain as many of the volunteer companies as was necessary, to keep the Mormon prisoners till the meeting of the Legislature.


Notes: (forthcoming)